What were end scrapers used for?
For European and American Stone Age peoples, end scrapers served as heavy- duty scraping tools that could have been used on animal hides, wood, or bones. Once the hide was removed from an animal, an end scraper could take the hair off the skin’s outer layer and remove the fatty tissue from its underside.
How were end scrapers made?
End scrapers were made from blades and flakes by removing small flakes around the edges from one side with pressure. Sometimes the bulb-of-percussion was removed opposite the working edge to thin the hafting area.
How were scrapers used by early humans?
Method of use As the term scraper suggests, this tool was scraped at the hide or wood in order to reach the end goal. Scrapers were also made in order to skin animals. Scrapers tended to be large enough to fit comfortably in the hand and could be used without being mounted on wood or bone.
How many types of side scrapers are there?
They are: side scraper, end scraper, and round scraper. Likewise these types are again divided into sub-types, e.g. the side scraper is divided into four sub-types: straight side scraper, convex side scraper, concave side scraper, and concavo-convex side scraper.
What is a end scraper?
Definition of end scraper : a prehistoric flint scraper with scraping edge at one or both ends.
Who invented scrapers?
R. G. LeTourneau
Self-propelled scrapers were invented by R. G. LeTourneau in the 1930s. His company called them Tournahoppers. This concept was further developed by LeTourneau Westinghouse Company.
What are the 4 types of scrapers?
The four types are single-engine wheeled, dual-engine wheeled, elevating, and pull-type scrapers.
- Single-Engine Wheeled Scrapers. Single-engine wheeled scrapers are the most common type of scrapers.
- Dual-Engine Wheeled Scrapers.
- Elevating Scrapers.
- Pull-Type Scrapers.
Who invented the earthmover?
The development of the self-propelled, scraper-earthmover in the late 1930s placed R. G. LeTourneau Inc. in the forefront of the earth-moving and heavy equipment industry just as World War II was beginning.
How do you use a scraper tool?
Gently push the scraper, scraping along the surface of the wood, applying enough pressure to the rear of the scraper so that the bottom edge forms a slight curve. That means the corners of the scraper will lift slightly off the wood and the center will make contact with the surface to be smoothed.
What are the three types of scrapers?
There are four different types of scrapers, each one operating differently. The four types are single-engine wheeled, dual-engine wheeled, elevating, and pull-type scrapers.
What are scrapers in archaeology?
Scraper (archaeology) Scrapers are one of the most varied lithic tools found at archaeological sites. Due to the vast array of scrapers there are many typologies that scrapers can fall under, including tool size, tool shape, tool base, the number of working edges, edge angle, edge shape, and many more.
What is an end scraper?
Many lithic analysts maintain that the only true scrapers are defined on the base of use-wear, and usually are those that were worked on the distal ends of blades —i.e., ” end scrapers ” (French: grattoir ).
What is an angled scraper used for?
The edge of the scraper that is extremely angled is the working edge. This edge is often used to soften hides or to clean meat off of the hides, in addition to being used for wood work. As the term scraper suggests, this tool was scraped at the hide or wood in order to reach the end goal.
Where is the working edge of a scraper located?
The working edge, with the exception of double end scrapers, is usually the thickest area of the tool and located opposite the bulb-of-percussion. End scrapers were made from blades and flakes by removing small flakes around the edges from one side with pressure.