Which of the following tests are routinely used in the diagnosis and treatment of PAD of the femoral and popliteal arteries?

Ankle-brachial index (ABI). This is a common test used to diagnose PAD . It compares the blood pressure in your ankle with the blood pressure in your arm.

What does an ABI of .97 indicate?

An ABI ratio between 1.0 and 1.4 is normal. An ABI ratio between 0.9 and 1.0 is borderline. An ABI ratio of 0.9 or less means you have PAD. An ABI ratio between 0.4 and 0.7 means you have moderate PAD. An ABI ratio less than 0.4 means you have severe PAD.

What is TASC classification?

TASC C lesions are those for which surgical management provides superior long-term results and endovascular techniques should be reserved for patients who are surgically high risk. TASC D lesions should be treated by open surgery.

What is Rutherford’s claudication 3?

On the other hand, the Rutherford classification describes the claudication as mild, moderate and severe, with no precise limit between the stages. The next stage (stage III Fontaine and stage 4 Rutherford) includes patients with rest pain, without differences between the two classifications.

What is a pallor test?

It is performed in two stages. With the patient supine, elevate both legs to an angle of 45 degrees and hold for one to two minutes. Observe the color of the feet. Pallor indicates ischaemia. It occurs when the peripheral arterial pressure is inadequate to overcome the effects of gravity.

How do you prepare for an ankle-brachial index test?

There is very little you need to do to prepare for an ABI test. You can follow a normal diet on the day of the test. You shouldn’t need to stop taking any medicines before the procedure. You may want to wear loose, comfortable clothes.

What does ABI of 1.3 mean?

INTERPRETATION OF ABI RESULTS PAD is graded as mild to moderate if the ABI is between 0.4 and 0.9, and an ABI less than 0.40 is suggestive of severe PAD [19]. An ABI value greater than 1.3 is also considered abnormal, suggestive of non-compressible vessels.

What is normal ABI index?

Normal. A normal resting ankle-brachial index is 1.0 to 1.4. This means that your blood pressure at your ankle is the same or greater than the pressure at your arm, and suggests that you do not have significant narrowing or blockage of blood flow.

What are the 4 stages of PAD?

Classification Schemes

Stage 0 Asymptomatic
Stage 1 Mild claudication
Stage 2 Moderate claudication
Stage 3 Severe claudication
Stage 4 Rest pain

What is the cause of PAD?

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in the legs or lower extremities is the narrowing or blockage of the vessels that carry blood from the heart to the legs. It is primarily caused by the buildup of fatty plaque in the arteries, which is called atherosclerosis.

How do you prepare for an ankle brachial index test?

What is an ankle brachial index test?

What is an ankle brachial index test? The ankle brachial index, or ABI, is a simple test that compares the blood pressure in the upper and lower limbs. Health care providers calculate ABI by dividing the blood pressure in an artery of the ankle by the blood pressure in an artery of the arm. The result is the ABI.

What is ankle-brachial index (ABI)?

What is the ankle-brachial index (ABI)? The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is a simple, noninvasive test for peripheral artery disease (PAD).

How do you find out your ankle-brachial index?

To find out your ankle-brachial index, a technician measures the blood pressure in your ankle and your arm. The ankle-brachial index can help your doctor check for peripheral artery disease (PAD). The ankle-brachial index test is a quick, noninvasive way to check for peripheral artery disease (PAD).

Is ankle-brachial pressure index a useful indicator of peripheral arterial disease?

A modified calculation of ankle-brachial pressure index is far more sensitive in the detection of peripheral arterial disease. J Vasc Surg. 2006; 44:531–536.