What is CytoSorb device?

The CytoSorb Device (CytoSorb) is a non-pyrogenic, sterile, single-use device containing adsorbent polymer beads designed to remove cytokines, as blood passes through the device. CytoSorb is placed in a blood pump circuit.

What is a CytoSorb filter?

Cytosorbents® cytokine filter is a potential treatment methodology aimed at reducing the cytokine storm, thus serving as a bridge for therapy in the acutely ill patients infected with COVID-19.

What is CytoSorb therapy in Covid?

Rationale of using CytoSorb Therapy in critically ill COVID-19 patients. CytoSorb is a CE marked extracorporeal cytokine adsorber, designed to broadly reduce inflammatory mediators in the blood that could otherwise lead to uncontrolled systemic inflammation, organ failure, and death in many life-threatening illnesses.

How do you remove cytokines?

The mechanisms of cytokine removal by blood purification include convection, diffusion, and adsorption. PMMA-based filters are able to combine all 3 mechanisms for certain target molecules.

What stimulates the release of cytokines?

During infection, bacterial and viral products, such as bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), cause the release of cytokines from immune cells. These cytokines can reach the brain by several routes. Furthermore, cytokines, such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), are induced in neurons within the brain by systemic injection of LPS.

How do you manage a cytokine storm?

4 Studies that focus on the inhibition of IL-1β to reduce the cytokine storm have attracted most attention. Anakinra, an antagonist of IL-1β, can be used to treat the cytokine storm caused by infection. It significantly improved the 28-day survival rate of patients with severe sepsis.

What causes a cytokine storm?

Cytokine storm can occur as a result of inappropriate recognition (e.g., in hypersensitivity) or ineffective recognition with immune evasion (e.g., in Epstein–Barr virus [EBV]–associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis [HLH]), an inappropriate response with an exaggerated effector response and cytokine production ( …

What is Cytosorb?

CytoSorb is the only adsorber approved for a treatment time per device up to 24 hours. independently by the mode of operation or the blood flow to enhance the continuity and efficacy of the treatment.

What is Cytosorb ® + ECMO?

CytoSorb ® + ECMO = A Novel Lung Rest Strategy Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) therapy is a growing treatment modality used in ICUs around the world as a rescue therapy for patients with lung injury who fail mechanical ventilation.

Is Cytosorb approved in the US?

In the United States, CytoSorb is not yet approved but is on a dual pathway for potential FDA approval. In 2020, CytoSorbents received U.S. FDA Breakthrough Designation for its technology to remove ticagrelor during urgent or emergent cardiothoracic surgery.

What machines can cycytosorb be used with?

CytoSorb is compatible with most standard hemodialysis machines, continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) machines, heart-lung machines, most extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) machines, and other blood pumps found in most hospitals.